L K Advani

Lal Krishna Advani (Sindhi/Hindi:लालकृष्ण आडवाणी); born on 8 November 1927, in Karachi,in Sindh now Pakistan) is an Indian politician who is a senior leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), the current opposition in the Indian Parliament. When the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance was in power from 1998–2004 under Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Advani served as Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister (the latter in 2002–04). He was the Leader of the Opposition in the 10th Lok Sabha and 14th Lok Sabha (lower house of Parliament). Advani began his political career as a volunteer of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, a cultural organisation.

Early life and education :

L.K Advani was born in Karachi, pre-partition British India, in a Hindu Sindhi family to Kishanchand D Advani and Gyani Devi. He completed his early schooling from Saint Patrick's High School, Karachi, and then enrolled at D G National College in Hyderabad Sindh. He graduated in Law from Government Law College, Mumbai University.

Early career :

L.K Advani's life as a social servant started in 1947 when he was elected as the Secretary, Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), Karachi. Advani was later sent to Matsya-Alwar in Rajasthan, which had witnessed communal violence following Partition, to oversee the affairs of the RSS there.

Jana Sangh to Janata Party:

Advani became a member of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, which was founded in 1951 by Syama Prasad Mookerjee. After serving various positions in the Jana Sangh, he became its President in 1973 at Kanpur session of Bhartiya Jan Sangh. His first act as president of BJS was to expell founder member and veteran leader Balraj Madhok from primary membership of the party for repeatedly violating the party directives and acting against the interests of the party. When Jai Prakash Narayan, who led the public movement against the Emergency refused to campaign for the opposition parties unless all of them joined together, the Jana Sangh and many other opposition parties merged into the Janata Party. With the dissolution of Jana Sangh, Advani and his colleague Atal Bihari Vajpayee joined the Janata Party to fight the Lok Sabha Elections of 1977.

Prime Minister candidacy :

In an interview with a news channel in December 2006, Advani stated that as the Leader of the Opposition in a parliamentary democracy, he considered himself as the Prime Ministerial candidate for the general elections, ending on 16 May 2009. Some of his colleagues were not supportive of his candidacy.

A major factor going in favor of Advani was that he had always been the most powerful leader in the BJP with the exception of Vajpayee, who endorsed Advani's candidacy. On 2 May 2007, BJP President Rajnath Singh stated that: "After Atal there is only Advani. Advani is the natural choice. It is he who should be PM". On 10 December 2007, the Parliamentary Board of BJP formally announced that L. K. Advani would be its prime ministerial candidate for the General Elections due in 2009.

However, Indian National Congress party and its allies won the 2009 General Elections, allowing incumbent Prime Minister Manmohan Singh to continue in office. Following the defeat in the elections, L. K. Advani paved way for Sushma Swaraj to become the Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha.

Advani surprisingly resigned from all his posts in the BJP on 10th June, 2013 following the elevation of Narendra Modi to other important posts of BJP on 09th June 2013. He rued that the BJP was no longer the "same idealistic party" created by Shyama Prasad Mookerjee, Deendayal Upadhyaya, Nanaji Deshmukh and A B Vajpayee. The BJP senior committee rejected his resignation on the 10th June, 2013, and ultimately Advani withdrew his resignation on 11th June 2013 after Rajnath Singh (BJP Party President) assured Advani that his concerns about the functioning of the Party would be properly addressed and the President will discuss the modalities of addressing these concerns with Shri Advani.

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